A new medicine called daraxonrasib helped people with advanced pancreatic cancer live longer than standard chemotherapy. In a trial of 500 patients whose cancer had already come back, the drug beat chemotherapy on how long people lived and how long the cancer stayed in check.
Researchers estimate that 3,000 to 1,000 years ago the world had far more languages than today — perhaps tens of thousands, compared with about 7,500 now. They mixed language records, population history, and computer models to trace how many languages existed over time.
For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, two immune-related drugs given before and after surgery worked better than standard chemotherapy. After 2 years, 86.9% of people on the new drugs were alive, versus 81.3% on chemotherapy.
Poison frogs do not make their own toxins. They eat toxic insects and store the poison in their skin. Scientists found extra copies of certain genes, plus genes switched on more strongly, that may help move the poison safely through the body.